Experience Has Geometry
The Structural Claim
Conscious experience has geometric structure. The qualitative character of what you're feeling right now corresponds to measurable structural properties of your internal cause-effect dynamics—not metaphorically, but in the same sense that temperature corresponds to mean kinetic energy.
This is a specific, testable claim. It says that if you measure certain quantities—integration, effective rank, viability gradient—from a system's internal dynamics, the resulting vector predicts the qualitative character of the system's experience. Different affects correspond to different regions of this structural space.
Six Structural Dimensions
We characterize experiential states using quantities computable from a system's internal dynamics. Each has a formal definition.
Valence (V)
V be the region of state space where the system persists. Valence measures whether the predicted trajectory moves into the viable interior (positive) or toward the boundary of dissolution (negative). In RL terms: the expected advantage function A(s,a) = Q(s,a) - V(s).Arousal (A)
D_KL(b_t+1 || b_t). Measures how rapidly the world-model is being updated. High when far from any attractor; low when settled into a basin.Integration (Φ)
ΔP = L_partitioned - L_full. High Φ means cutting the system into pieces destroys predictive power.Effective Rank (r_eff)
r_eff = (tr C)² / tr(C²). Counts how many dimensions the system is actually using. Ranges from 1 (all variance in one dimension) to rank(C) (uniform distribution across dimensions).Counterfactual Weight (CF)
CF = Compute(rollouts) / Compute(total). High when planning, worrying, fantasizing. Low when present-focused and reactive.Self-Model Salience (SM)
SM = I(z_self; a) / H(a). How much does self-representation drive behavior? High in shame and self-consciousness; low in flow and absorption.Affect Motifs
If different experiences correspond to different structures, then affects should correspond to particular structural motifs—characteristic patterns in cause-effect geometry. Consider joy and suffering:
Joy
Suffering
The Φ-r_eff dissociation is the core structural insight. Both joy and suffering are highly integrated—you can't decompose either into independent parts without losing what makes them what they are. But they differ in how many dimensions that integration spans. Joy is integrated across a high-rank manifold; suffering is integrated across a collapsed one. This predicts measurable clustering in controlled affect-induction experiments.
The same analysis extends across the full affect space:
The Identity Thesis
The framework rests on a specific metaphysical claim from integrated information theory: experience is intrinsic cause-effect structure. Not caused by it, not correlated with it, but identical to it. This is an identity claim, analogous to water ≡ H₂O.
The hard problem of consciousness asks: given a complete physical description, why is there something it's like to be that system? The question assumes physics constitutes a privileged base layer. But physics itself terminates in uncertainty—wave functions are probability distributions, and below quantum fields we have no clear ontology. Under ontological democracy—the view that every scale of organization with its own causal closure is equally real at that scale—the demand that experience reduce to physics is ill-posed. Chemistry doesn't reduce to physics in a way that eliminates chemical causation. Experience doesn't need to reduce to physics either.
Operational Measurement
These structural dimensions are computable, not just conceptual. For artificial agents with world models (RSSM, Transformer, etc.): valence from the advantage function, arousal from latent state KL divergence, integration from partition prediction loss, effective rank from latent covariance eigenvalues, counterfactual weight from rollout compute fraction, self-model salience from mutual information between self-representation and action.
For biological systems (MEG/EEG/fMRI): integration from transfer entropy density, effective rank from the participation ratio of neural state covariance, arousal from entropy rate and broadband power shifts, valence from approach/avoid behavioral bias and reward prediction error correlates.